En este artículo mostraremos, en primer lugar, la inadecuación de las críticas esgrimidas contra la filosofía heideggeriana en términos de «antropocentrismo», para en segundo lugar, defender que en el pensamiento heideggeriano existen evidencias que permiten introducir a los entes vivos y la naturaleza en la reflexión moral. Dialogaremos con las aludidas críticas y detectaremos que se hallan atravesadas por una confusión entre el plano ontológico y el moral. Para enmendar tal confusión, clarificaremos el único término que permitió al filósofo vincular (...) la reflexión ontológica con la moral: la mismidad [Selbstheit] del Dasein entendida como por-mor-de-sí [worumwillen]. Acudiremos a Los conceptos fundamentales de la metafísica, donde Heidegger advierte de los riesgos de entender a los entes vivos como útiles, y les reconoce una forma de mismidad: la peculiaridad [Eigentümlichkeit]. En virtud de tal reconocimiento, concluiremos que la filosofía heideggeriana, lejos de legitimar la instrumentalización de los entes vivos o la naturaleza, posibilita su consideración moral. (shrink)

My mother is losing her mother to Alzheimer's disease. Although my mother feels loss, I am connecting through my grandmother to our ancestors, including a deceased father and paternal grandmother. I am also connecting to a daughter who has lost her mother, through a grandmother who, through her loss of memory, is more open to kin networks than my mother. Through deepening connections to my maternal grandmother and to my daughter, I feel I am losing my mother. I look to (...) revolutionary mothering as a way to reconnect shattered bonds and find lost mothers. This article honors the important work of Saidiya Hartman, Dorothy Roberts, and countless revolutionary mothers. (shrink)

Reseña de la obra de Rodríguez, R. y Jaran, F. : _El proyecto de una antropología fenomenológica_, Guillermo Escolar, Madrid, 2021, 316 pp.

En el artículo Los sistemas de investigación educativa en México se cuestiona la vigencia del sistema de investigación Hipotético Deductivo que se utiliza en nuestro país y que no sólo se presenta como método sino como el Método Científico. Se reconoce que, en nuestro país, los procesos de inve..

El objetivo de este trabajo es, en primera instancia, defender que el términomal o maldad es rescatable en el contexto moral con ciertas acotaciones.Aun cuando se desligue de las connotaciones metafísicas quelo originaron y que lo acompañan, en tanto que sirve para describir unconjunto específico de acciones que no pueden ser capturadas adecuadamentecon otros términos. Para todo esto, se considerará primeramentela posible vigencia del término, luego las distintas características que sehan propuesto como necesarias y suficientes para clasificar una accióncomo “malvada” (...) -dentro de las cuales se encuentra la motivación moral,en la que se hará hincapié- buscando las posibilidades que existen paraque los motivos de una acción sean malvados. (shrink)

En este texto se analiza la posibilidad de integrar los resultados deinvestigaciones empíricas a las principales discusiones teóricas entorno a la motivación moral, un territorio especialmente escabrosode la metaética, específicamente, de la psicología moral. Para esto sepresentan, grosso modo, los dos principales debates en torno a la motivaciónmoral, los argumentos e intuiciones de las que parten las distintasposturas respecto al origen y la naturaleza de la motivación moral.

Es mi homenaje a Melchor Cano, el teólogo dominico que teologizó siempre con autoridad. Siguió en esto y en su estilo humanístico a su venerado Maestro, Francisco de Vitoria. Trato de la época anterior a su profesorado salmantino. Lo mío es el pedestal sobre el que se apoyará su apoteosis, que estará en: la cátedra de Prima de Teología de Salamanca, el concilio de Trento, el asesoramiento como consejero de Felipe II, los Lugares Teológicos. Lo mío es, pues, el (...) lugar que lo vio nacer, la formación salmantina como dominico, la coronación de su formación teológica y primer profesorado en el Colegio de San Gregorio de Valladolid, y su irradiación desde la cátedra principal de teología en la universidad de Alcalá. It is my homage to Melchior Cano, the Dominican theologian who always taught theology with authority. He followed his venerate master Francisco de Vitoria. I am talking of the previous time to his teaching at Salamanca. My intention is to show the pedestal on which his apotheosis will stand: the theological chair of Prima at Salamanca, the Council of Trent, the advice as Philip II’ counselor, the theological places as well as the place where he was born, his education in Salamanca, as a Dominican, the culmination of his theological education, his first teaching at St. Gregory’s college at Valladolid and his irradiation from the main theological chair at Alcala University. (shrink)

Este trabajo se centra en cómo en la España de la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII con motivo de la reforma de los estudios teológicos tanto en los Seminarios –necesaria para la mejora de la formación de uno de los principales agentes del propugnado y urgente cambio religioso– como en las Universidades –en las que se quería sustituir la influencia jesuítica por otra más de acorde con las ideas regalistas– se impulsó la creación de las cátedras De locis theologicis, muchas (...) de las cuales debían seguir el tratado de Melchor Cano y otras seguir a otros tratadistas, pero teniendo presente en sus explicaciones la docta obra de Melchor Cano. También se estudiará en la reforma del Plan de Estudios de la Orden de Frailes Predicadores, así como el rechazo que de todo ello tuvo el importante ilustrado valenciano Gregorio Mayans y Ciscar. The work is about how in the Spain of the second half of the 18th century owing to the theological studies reform as much in Seminaries-necessary to the education improvement of one of the main agents of the proposed and urgent religious change-as in Universities-in which it was wanted to substitute the Jesuitical influence for another more appropriate to the regalist ideas– the creation of the Locis theologicis chairs, many of which had to follow Melchor Cano’s treatise, and other chairs had to follow other authors, was promoted; but bearing in mind in their explanations Melchior Cano’s erudite work. Such treatise will also be studied in the reform of the Order of Preacher’ curriculum, as well as the rejection of all that by the important learned Gregorio Mayans y Ciscar, native of Valencia. (shrink)

Este trabajo se centra en cómo en la España de la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII con motivo de la reforma de los estudios teológicos tanto en los Seminarios –necesaria para la mejora de la formación de uno de los principales agentes del propugnado y urgente cambio religioso– como en las Universidades –en las que se quería sustituir la influencia jesuítica por otra más de acorde con las ideas regalistas– se impulsó la creación de las cátedras De locis theologicis, muchas (...) de las cuales debían seguir el tratado de Melchor Cano y otras seguir a otros tratadistas, pero teniendo presente en sus explicaciones la docta obra de Melchor Cano. También se estudiará en la reforma del Plan de Estudios de la Orden de Frailes Predicadores, así como el rechazo que de todo ello tuvo el importante ilustrado valenciano Gregorio Mayans y Ciscar. The work is about how in the Spain of the second half of the 18th century owing to the theological studies reform as much in Seminaries-necessary to the education improvement of one of the main agents of the proposed and urgent religious change-as in Universities-in which it was wanted to substitute the Jesuitical influence for another more appropriate to the regalist ideas– the creation of the Locis theologicis chairs, many of which had to follow Melchor Cano’s treatise, and other chairs had to follow other authors, was promoted; but bearing in mind in their explanations Melchior Cano’s erudite work. Such treatise will also be studied in the reform of the Order of Preacher’ curriculum, as well as the rejection of all that by the important learned Gregorio Mayans y Ciscar, native of Valencia. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Reviewed by:Mapping Gendered Ecologies: Engaging with and Beyond Ecowomanism and Ecofeminism by K. Melchor Quick Hall and Gwyn KirkCecilia Herles (bio)K. Melchor Quick Hall and Gwyn Kirk, Mapping Gendered Ecologies: Engaging with and Beyond Ecowomanism and Ecofeminism. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2021. ISBN- 978-1-7936-3946-2K. Melchor Quick Hall and Gwyn Kirk are leading feminist authors who have beautifully woven together an inspiring and diverse collection of (...) essays in the anthology, Mapping Gendered Ecologies: Engaging with and beyond Ecowomanism and Ecofeminism. What does it take to gather together some of the most eloquent voices of activists, teachers, farmers, artists, and organizers in an anthology focused on engaging with and beyond ecowomanism and ecofeminism, and what could this cultivate? I find Hall and Kirk's reflections on the process and their approach to collaboration illustrate some of the tools needed to address complex issues of disasters, the global pandemic, climate justice, white supremacy, gender oppression, and practices of domination. Their approach is to build relationships, acknowledge vulnerability, and appreciate differences in experiences. It seems fitting that this project initially began with Margo Okazawa-Rey who connected Hall and Kirk together. Okazawa-Rey's introduction generated the openness needed to bring this collection to fruition. Mapping as the thematic image of this collection is found in destructive boundary-making, the violence of enslavement, wars, and the dumping of contaminants in the environment. Mapping is also evident in the physical, temporal, and evolving locations in which Okazawa-Rey's work of sustaining community and recognizing interconnections across locations opens up the time and spaces to envision peace.This collection marks a shift away from the elitism of academic spaces by illuminating connections between community and university, and actively resisting against patriarchal notions of what counts as expertise and scholarship. The anthology draws attention to personal experiences as fundamentally relevant to perspectives about place, location, and [End Page 97] belonging and relations with land, water, sky and nonhumans. It begins with an autobiographical account by Hall who brilliantly weaves together her life story with her analytical insight in illustrating how Black geographies show spaces as often hard to map and in flux for the marginalized. In "Darkness All around Me: Black Waters, Land, Animals, and Sky" Hall notes how she is unable to discuss her understanding and relationship with Nature outside of being a Black Woman. When she poses the question, "how would our maps be different if they were rooted in the histories and realities of people of color?" (23) Hall pivots mapping to the contingent, unstable complexities that mark Black people's relations with land and food. In doing so, Hall reveals compelling insights into trauma, anxieties, and relationships with land and water in shifting landscapes. Connecting to the mission of Soul Fire Farm, to resist the US food apartheid and mobilize towards food justice, Hall reveals the possibilities for reparative healing properties in agricultural activities at Soul Fire Farm. Hall's narrative about racialized hierarchies recognizes how human hierarchies are connected to human-nonhuman animal divisions, raising the question of "How might we imagine freeing ourselves and other animals from the systems that seek to devalue us as (human and nonhuman) beings?" (27). Hall intervenes and challenges geographical mapping centered in white frameworks rooted in claims of stolen territories and measured in segregation and displacement. Pointing to Black shoals, Black food geographies, and Afrofuturism, to name a few, Hall is marking potential paths to shared liberation. Although Hall does not identify strongly as ecofeminist nor ecowomanist, this provides a promising direction for ecowomanist and ecofeminist inquiries, speaking to the need to explore what it takes for shared liberation. This direction also has the potential to offer insight into an alternative mapping for disability justice. Hall's acknowledgement of "being out of place" connects to the disability justice work of Sunaura Taylor (2014) and Leah Lakshmi Piepzna-Samarasinha (2018) in the mapping of access in describing surroundings and focusing on interconnectedness.In Kirk's autobiographical account, "Roots, Branches, Wings" she points to how Margo Okazawa-Rey (2020) introduced her to philosopher Alan Rosenberg's (1998) distinction between knowing and understanding. In contrast to knowing facts that... (shrink)

La historiografía jurídico-política precedente ha tendido a presentar a la Escuela de Salamanca como un grupo de catedráticos salmantinos que comentan las distintas partes de la _Summa theologiae_ de Tomás de Aquino, dando preferencia en particular a los comentarios _De legibus_ y _De iustitia et iure_. Éstas son, por ejemplo, las partes del legado vitoriano mejor conocidas y estudiadas, junto a sus relecciones _De indis_ y las dedicadas a la potestad civil y eclesiástica. En un intento de ampliar estas perspectivas (...) clásicas, el presente artículo presenta un elenco de algunas de las obras de teología sacramental redactadas por diversos maestros salmantinos hasta comienzos del siglo XVII y reflexiona sobre la importancia epocal y contemporánea de este patrimonio un tanto olvidado de la escolástica salmantina, en el que se encuentran materiales muy interesantes para la reflexión filosófica, jurídica y política. En las secciones finales del artículo se estudian los escritos _Summa sacramentorum ecclesiae_ (1560) de Francisco de Vitoria y Tomás de Chaves, un texto que conoció al menos 80 ediciones hasta comienzos del siglo XVII, y la _Relectio de sacramentis in genere_ (1550) de Melchor Cano, mostrando la estrecha conexión existente entre teología sacramental y pensamiento jurídico-político. (shrink)

Carlos J. Álvarez y Melchor Hernández Castilla Universidad de La Laguna, España Asociación Wolfgang Köhler, España … Read More →.

Nang masakop ng Estados Unidos ang Pilipinas, dumating sa bansa ang isa pang uri ng Kristiyanismo na iba sa bitbit ng mga Espanyol-ang Protestantismo (na nagsimulang isilang noong ika-16 na dantaon sa Europa sa pamumuno nina Luther, Calvin, at Zwingli). Salaysay ni T. Valentino Sitoy (1989, iii, 7-11), 1899 unang dumating ang mga misyonerong Protestante sa Pilipinas, na kinabibilangan ng mga Presbyterian, Baptist, at Methodist. Kalaunan ay sinundan ito ng pagdating ng mga Episcopalian, Seventh-Day Adventist, United Brethren, Disciples, Christian and (...) Missionary Alliance, at iba pa. Ilan sa mga ito ay nagsama-sama upang mabuo ang Evangelical Union. Hinati nila ang Pilipinas sa iba't ibang probinsya ng mission fields (tulad ng ginawa dati ng mga Heswita, Rekoletos, Augustino, Pransiskano, at Dominikano), upang hindi sila magkaagawan sa populasyon na babahaginan ng ebanghelyo. (shrink)

The concept of vital force – the immanent energy that promotes the processes of life in the body and in nature – has proved a source of endless fascination and controversy. Indeed, the question of what vitalizes the body has haunted humanity since antiquity, and became even more pressing during the Scientific Revolution and beyond. Examining the complexities and theories about vital force in Spanish modernity, Nicolás Fernández-Medina's Life Embodied offers a novel and provocative assessment of the question of bodily (...) life in Spain. Starting with Juan de Cabriada's landmark Carta filosófica, médico-chymica of 1687 and ending with Ramón Gómez de la Serna's avant-gardism of the 1910s, Fernández-Medina incorporates discussions of anatomy, philosophy, science, critical theory, history of medicine, and literary studies to argue that concepts of vital force served as powerful vehicles to interrogate the possibilities and limits of corporeality. Paying close attention to how the body's capabilities were conceived and strategically woven into critiques of modernity, Fernández-Medina engages the work of Miguel Boix y Moliner, Martín Martínez, Diego de Torres Villarroel, Sebastián Guerrero Herreros, Ignacio María Ruiz de Luzuriaga, Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos, Pedro Mata y Fontanet, Ángela Grassi, Julián Sanz del Río, Miguel de Unamuno, and Pío Baroja, among others. Drawing on extensive research and analysis, Life Embodied breaks new ground as the first book to address the question of vital force in Spanish modernity. (shrink)

Les pràctiques d’okupació que sorgeixen a mitjans dels 80 al nostre país son considerades un moviment social per múltiples autors (Calle, 2005; Pruijt, 2004; Martínez, 2002). L’any 2006 apareix arreu de l’Estat un nou moviment social diferenciat, el moviment per l’habitatge. Aquest moviment organitzà joves d’arreu de l’Estat espanyol i, els anys posteriors, consolidà centenars de plataformes d’afectats per les hipoteques de totes les edats. Les seves propostes i demandes han estat un full de ruta en l’aterratge pràctic del moviment (...) del 15-M. L’objectiu d’aquest article és comparar aquests dos moviments urbans que es poden entendre també com a pràctiques emancipadores de la joventut i noves formes de participació dels joves en la societat civil.The practical of squatting that arrived to our country in the 80’s is considered a social movement by multiple authors (Calle, 2004; Pruijt, 2004; Martínez, 2002). The year 2006 appears a new and differentiated social movement, the housing movement. This movement organized young people of all over the country, and therefore consolidated hundreds of platforms of affected by the mortgages of different ages. Their proposals and demands have been a rate routing coming from the 15-M movement. The aim of this article is to compare these two urban movements that could be also understood as emancipation practices and new shapes of participation of the civil society. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:AphorismsDaniel LiebertOne man alone is too much for one man alone.—Antonio Porchia1Inspired by the Antonio Porchia quotation above, I have put aside aphorisms as varieties of "wit and word" games for a while to explore the question, "Can the writing of aphorisms be a profoundly serious activity of the inner life?" I hope to capture that "too-much-ness" of a man alone. We are all of us such intrinsically lovely, (...) overwhelmed creatures.It is too late too soon.Once I wasn't, but never again will I not have been.An ugly city is an ugly idea about man.A small boy prays to the God of small boys.There is only truth—what else could there be?The end of the poem is the oldest part of the poem.Even this pellet of mouse dung is a fated thing.Not even a handhold; a breathhold in this world is all.Here evokes infinite elsewheres. [End Page 463] I will die where I was born—in medias res.To have had a destiny—how I would have loved that!My secrets have secrets from me.I don't want what I need—I hate what I need.Daniel LiebertSt. Louis, MissouriFootnotes1. Antonio Porchia, "Voices," trans. Gonzalo Melchor, unpublished manuscript, 2008.Copyright © 2023 Johns Hopkins University Press... (shrink)

Estudiamos varios conceptos clave en la obra del franciscano Fray Juan de Pineda, especialmente el concepto de ‘gracia justificante’, que se opone teológicamente a las ideas luteranas pero que desarrolla un pensamiento erasmista, afín a Fray Luis de Granada, a Francisco de Osuna y a Bartolomé de Las Casas. Estudiamos también su concepto de ‘lavacro’, procedente de San Pablo y su relación con la interpretación del Padre Nuestro, lo que apunta de lleno a la polémica doctrinal entre Carranza y (...) class='Hi'>Melchor Cano. Finalmente hacemos ver la identidad de planteamientos erasmistas con el Lazarillo de Tormes, cuya geografía (Salamanca, Escalona, Maqueda y Almorox) coincide con el área de predicación de Fray Juan de Pineda a partir de 1544. Dada la coincidencia léxica, biográfica, doctrinal y de estilo entre el Lazarillo y la obra de Fray Juan de Pineda, sostenemos que esta novela picaresca corresponde a la intención reformadora del pensamiento erasmista franciscano del siglo XVI. (shrink)

Bullfighting debates in Spain are increasingly intense. Defenders of bullfighting as sport and as art, typically argue that many of the country’s most esteemed intellectual and artistic figures were bullfight enthusiasts. This is admittedly true, but by the same token Spain has a long tradition of anti-bullfighting thought. One prominent critic of bullfighting in the eighteenth century was Gaspar Melchor Jovellanos. Often considered the best representative of the Spanish Enlightenment, Jovellanos did not address bullfighting as a central concern. But, (...) in some writings, he did level important criticisms against this sort of spectacle. Defenders of bullfighting frequently argue that Jovellanos’ critique of bullfighting relies mostly on economic arguments. While it is true that Jovellanos offered economic reasons to oppose bullfighting, a closer reading of his works reveals that he had a larger concern with the violent nature of bullfighting, which cohered with his Enlightenment philosophy. (shrink)

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Conquest and English Legal Identity in Renaissance IrelandBrian LockeyLike the Spanish administrators of the American territories, English administrators of Ireland attempted to impose their own native legal system on the Irish inhabitants. Nonetheless, important differences existed between the two kingdoms' legal approaches to their respective colonial contexts. Because Spanish jurisprudence was allied with universalist Catholic doctrine and was officially based on Justinian's Corpus Iuris Civilis (the ancient Roman legal (...) code which had close affinities to natural law discourse), Spanish administrators expected New World inhabitants to accept what they considered to be the "universal values" that were inherent in Spanish law.1 In contrast English common law had its roots not in natural law but in the peculiar customs of the English people. Thus, while the Spanish were able to claim that they were replacing unnatural Indian customs with a legal system rooted in universal natural law, the English were attempting to reform what they considered to be the unnatural practices of the Irish by imposing a legal system defined by its insularity and its peculiar affinity with English institutions.2 In this essay I show that Renaissance ethnographies on Ireland by such English administrators of Ireland as Edmund Spenser, Sir John Davies, and Fynes Moryson are fractured by a conflict between a commitment to natural-law theory, which had its origin in continental writings, and a corresponding commitment to the native English tradition of common law. I examine how works by Spenser, Davies, and Moryson dealt with this conflict within their collective project of articulating a legal justification and strategy for the pacification of Ireland. [End Page 543]Despite reports throughout Europe of Spanish-perpetrated cruelty throughout the Americas, the idea that war or conquest could be just or even charitable when prosecuted against oppression originated within the Catholic tradition of scholastic just-war theory.3 Many of the sixteenth-century writers who were writing about war and conquest in legal or ethical terms were Spanish or continental theologians who had attempted to evaluate Spanish imperial policy in the New World. On the one side were such figures as the Scottish theologian John Major and Spanish historian Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda, both of whom had justified Spanish conquest and treatment of the Indians using arguments based on the foundation of natural law.4 On the other side were those who had, on similar terms, voiced criticisms of the cruelties which Spanish forces were inflicting on the Indians. Francisco de Vitoria and Bartolomé de las Casas were certainly the most notable Spanish writers who favored more ethical treatment of New World inhabitants.5 Other prominent defenders of Indian rights were Domingo de Soto and Melchor Cano.6 Whether directly or through intermediaries, the ideas of many of these writers permeated the ideological fabric of England.Sir Fulke Greville's famous statement about Sir Philip Sidney's goal of fostering alliances with New World inhabitants in order to overthrow the Spanish authorities included an awareness of the "inhuman cruelties" of the Spanish forces, an awareness that probably originated in the English translation of Las Casas's Brevissima relación de la destrucyión de las Indias (1552).7 Beyond [End Page 544] this significant text, however, there were others. One important book that captured the ideas of the early Spanish debates on the ethics and justice of the New World conquests was Antonio de Guevara's Relox de príncipes (1529), a work twice translated into English during the sixteenth century.8 The third book of the Relox de príncipes, which treats the princely virtues of justice, peace, and magnificence, contains several sections that together constitute a polemic against violent imperialism and unjust conquest. In one notable episode Guevara employs the example of ancient Roman imperialism to produce a veiled critique of the injustices which Spain had committed against New World polities. A "villain of Danuby" from a German province newly conquered by Rome makes a speech to the Roman senate in which he criticizes the injustice of his Roman oppressors. The German villain characterizes the conquest of Germany in the following terms: "For I let you know, if you do not know it, that when... (shrink)

Tras el Descubrimiento de América por Cristóbal Colón, para cuya empresa contó con la decisiva ayuda del dominico fray Diego de Deza, fueron los miembros de la Orden de Santo Domingo los primeros que lucharon por la justicia en la defensa de la dignidad del indígena en la conquista de América durante las primeras décadas del asentamiento español en el Nuevo Mundo y los que, con el debate teológico y filosófico, pusieron en cuestión los Justos Títulos de ocupación por (...) parte de España de las lejanas tierras ultramarinas. También fueron los pioneros que intentaron poner en práctica la tesis evangelizadora aislacionista, seguida después por otras órdenes religiosas. Los nombres de Antonio Montesinos, Pedro de Córdoba, Bartolomé de las Casas, Francisco de Vitoria, Tomás de Berlanga, Domingo de Soto, Melchor Cano y tantos otros forman un grupo destacado de precursores que se adelantaron en el tiempo a la hora de proclamarse defensores de los Derechos Humanos. (shrink)

Este estudio pretende poner de manifiesto la situación de desigualdad de la mujer frente al hombre, a la luz de la teoría del patriarcado que explica la constricción estructural sobre la mujer en la organización familiar, y social, y la manera en que se entienden e interpretan las relaciones sociales a la luz de la teoría de las representaciones de género. Acotamos al contexto español de las últimas décadas, aun cuando se haga alguna incursión en datos a otros niveles (...) que nos ubiquen en la dimensión del problema, y en segundo término acotaremos a uno de los aspectos en los que se pone de manifiesto esta desigualdad: el desigual acceso a cotas de poder político de hombres y mujeres.Realizaremos, así, un análisis comparativo en el tiempo y en el espacio de la situación de la mujer española respecto de las relaciones de poder en la política y de cómo se reparte desigualmente la presencia de hombres y de mujeres en los puestos decisionales relacionados con la esfera pública, con el poder político e institucional y con la “calidad” de la presencia de la mujer en las organizaciones.Aquest estudi pretén posar de manifest la situació de desigualtat de la dona enfront l’home, a la llum de la teoria del patriarcat que palesa la constricció estructural sobre la dona a l‘organització familiar, i social, i la forma d’entendre i interpretar les relacions socials a la llum de la teoria de les representacions de gènere. Acotem al context espanyol de les darreres dècades, encara que es faci alguna incursió amb dades a d’altres nivells que ens ubiquin en la dimensió del problema, i en segon terme acotarem a un dels aspectes en els que es palesa aquesta desigualtat, el diferent accés a cotes de poder polític de dones i homes.Realitzarem, així, una anàlisi comparativa en el temps i en l’espai de la situació de la dona espanyola respecte de les relacions de poder a la política i de com es reparteix desigualment la presència d’homes i de dones als llocs de decisió relacionats amb l’esfera pública, amb el poder polític i institucional i amb la “qualitat” de la presència de la dona a les organitzacions. (shrink)

Fr. Francisco de Vitoria.--Fr. Domingo de Soto.--Fr. Melchor Cano.--Fr. Domingo Báñez.--Fr. Alonso de Castro.--El p. Luis de Molina.--El p. Gabriel Vázquez.--El p. Francisco Suárez.